基于参数化解调的旋转目标微多普勒频率提取方法

旋转运动是航天领域中最为常见的微运动,如卫星天线转动、弹道导弹自旋运动等。旋转目标的微多普勒特征对雷达目标识别具有重大影响。针对旋转目标不同散射点的微多普勒频率相互重叠、难以提取的问题,提出了基于参数化解调的旋转目标微多普勒频率提取方法。由点散射模型得到旋转目标的微多普勒信号解析形式。考虑到旋转目标微多普勒信号具有正弦频率调制特征,构造了基于正弦模型的参数化解调算子,优化微多普勒频率参数,使解调信号在载波频率处的频谱值达到最大。为了估计多个散射点的微多普勒频率参数,提出了参数迭代估计方法,在每次迭代中只估计当前最强散射点的微多普勒参数,将相应信号分量从原始信号中剔除,消除对后续分量估计结果的影响。仿真和实验结果表明:基于参数化解调的旋转目标微多普勒频率提取方法与传统时频峰值检测方法相比,能更精确地提取相互交叉的旋转目标微多普勒频率,为最终实现雷达空间目标识别提供了理论基础,能应用于卫星天线、弹道导弹等目标的监测、识别。     

航天器振动试验中的频率漂移现象研究

文章针对航天器振动试验中较为常见的频率漂移现象,分析了其影响,并结合工程案例讨论了可恢复和不可恢复频率漂移现象的产生机理。尤其针对蜂窝夹层板在振动试验中/后的频率漂移,对两种典型的结构失效模式进行了分析。研究结果可为航天器振动试验中出现频率漂移时的原因分析和航天器结构设计提供参考。     

主轴失准条件下的半球谐振陀螺电刚度补偿方法

半球谐振陀螺是一种基于哥氏效应的固体波动陀螺，具有高精度、长寿命、高可靠性的优势。频差直接影响着陀螺仪表的测量精度。针对存在主轴失准角的情况，文章建立了包含主轴失准角在内的完整电刚度补偿动力学模型，并给出了不同失准角度下谐振子电刚度补偿方案以及仿真结果，仿真结果表明，利用多电极组合补偿的方法能够实现主轴失准条件下的残余频差的完全抑制，为谐振子频差的电刚度补偿方法提供了借鉴。     

Wake structure and similar behavior of wake profiles downstream of a plunging airfoil

Very limited attention has already been paid to the velocity behavior in the wake region in unsteady aerodynamic problems.A series of tests has been performed on a flapping airfoil in a subsonic wind tunnel to study the wake structure for different sets of mean angle of attack,plunging amplitude and reduced frequency.In this study,the velocity profiles in the wake for various oscillation parameters have been measured using a wide shoulder rake,especially designed for the present experiments.The airfoil under consideration was a critical section of a 660 kW wind turbine.The results show that for a flapping airfoil the wake structure can be of drag producing type,thrust producing or neutral,depending on the mean angle of attack,oscillation amplitude and reduced frequency.In a thrust producing wake,a high-momentum high-velocity jet flow is formed in the core region of the wake instead of the conventional low-momentum flow.As a result,the drag force normally experienced by the body due to the momentum deficit would be replaced by a thrust force.According to the results,the momentum loss in the wake decreases as the reduced frequency increases.The thrust producing wake pattern for the flapping airfoil has been observed for suffi ciently low angles of attack in the absence of the viscous effects.This phenomenon has also been observed for either high oscillation amplitudes or high reduced frequencies.According to the results,for different reduced frequencies and plunging amplitudes,such that the product of them be a constant,the velocity profiles exhibit similar behavior and coalesce on each other.This simi larity parameter works excellently at small angles of attack.However,at near stall boundaries,the similarity is not as evident as before.     

大功率霍尔推力器应用的滤波单元建模分析

放电电流低频振荡的抑制是霍尔推力器应用的主要问题之一，使用RLC滤波单元是抑制霍尔推力器放电电流低频振荡的最常用方法.对于大功率霍尔推力器而言，传统的RLC滤波器存在直流功耗大、发热严重的问题.提出并设计了一种新型耦合电感结构的滤波器，相比于传统的RLC滤波器，耦合电感结构的滤波器通过合理的参数设置存在明显的陷波特性，具有更好地抑制低频振荡的效果.对建立的电路模型进行仿真分析，得到了不同耦合电感参数的选择对低频振荡频率信号的衰减作用以及陷波频率的影响因素.结果表明：耦合电感结构的滤波器可有效降低电感值，从而降低滤波器的功耗和发热量，在理论上具有陷波特性的耦合电感结构滤波器对低频振荡具有较好的抑制特性，可以有效降低放电电流低频振荡对电源系统的干扰，具有显著的工程应用价值.     

Semi-empirical model of the maximum electron concentration in the ionosphere: Comparison with data from Toluca (México)

A simple semi-empirical model to determine the maximum electron concentration in the ionosphere (_NmF2$N_m{F}_2$) for South American locations is used to calculate _NmF2$N_m{F}_2$ for a northern hemisphere station in the same longitude sector. _NmF2$N_m{F}_2$ is determined as the sum of two terms, one related to photochemical and diffusive processes and the other one to transport mechanisms. The model gives diurnal variations of _NmF2$N_m{F}_2$ representative for winter, summer and equinox conditions, during intervals of high and low solar activity. Model _NmF2$N_m{F}_2$ results are compared with ionosonde observations made at Toluca-México (19.3°N; 260°E). Differences between model results and observations are similar to those corresponding to comparisons with South American observations. It seems that further improvement of the model could be made by refining the latitude dependencies of coefficients used for the transport term.     

Morphology of the G condition occurrence over Irkutsk

Using Irkutsk digisonde data obtained in 2003–2011, a morphological analysis of the G condition occurrence has been made. The G condition was found to occur during daylight hours in summer; in winter, it is extremely rare, and its appearance is associated with intense magnetic storms. In the years of moderate solar activity, the G condition is most frequently registered at Kp ? 4, in the forenoon. During low solar activity, it can be observed under quiet geomagnetic conditions; in most cases, local time of its appearance shifts to afternoon hours. The highest percentage of the G condition occurrence (7.7–6.4%) was recorded in June and July 2008 when the levels of solar and geomagnetic activity were abnormally low.     

空间薄膜结构刚柔耦合非线性动力学分析

空间薄膜结构经历大范围刚体运动时,刚柔高度耦合的非线性动态响应极易发生,这将会降低结构几何精度,甚至影响设备正常工作.针对平面张拉式空间薄膜天线,建立了大范围运动的空间薄膜天线刚柔耦合非线性动力学有限元模型,描述了二阶效应与刚柔耦合效应对结构刚度特性、阻尼特性以及载荷的作用.通过对模型的数值解算,讨论了刚体运动规律(初...     

极低频超大型航天器姿态机动与物理试验验证

针对具有0.01 Hz极低频主模态的超大型航天器的姿态机动问题,给出利用经典的Bang-Bang轨迹规划方法、滤波轨迹规划方法和传统的相平面控制方法进行姿态机动的方案,构建了极低频超大型航天器姿态机动地面物理试验系统,对不同的姿态机动控制方法进行了试验验证.针对不同的姿态机动轨迹规划方法,采用喷气发动机或控制力矩陀螺作...     

压气机转子叶片动频动应力测试技术和应用研究

通过对某型发动机第二级压气机转子叶片在整机上进行动频，动应力测量的应用实例，介绍了一种较为成熟的测量方法。该方法先通过电动振动台对叶片进行应力分布试验，确定了动测叶片的应变片粘贴位置，然后在试车台架上对试验叶片实测，根据应变片输出信号判断叶片的动频，动应力，试验结果表明，该技术具有实际应用价值，可以为同类测量提供参考。